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"Felix A. Pappalardi Jr. (December 30, 1939 - April 17, 1983) was an American music producer, songwriter, vocalist, and bassist. He is best known to the public as the bassist and co-lead vocalist of the band Mountain, whose song "Mississippi Queen" peaked at #21 on the Billboard Hot 100 and has become a classic rock radio staple. Originating in the eclectic music scene in New York's Greenwich Village, he became closely attached to the British power trio Cream, writing, arranging, and producing for their second album Disraeli Gears. As a producer for Atlantic Records, he worked on several projects with guitarist Leslie West; in 1969 their partnership evolved into the band Mountain. The band lasted less than five years, but their work influenced the first generation of heavy metal and hard rock music. Pappalardi continued to work as a producer, session musician, and songwriter until he was shot and killed by his wife Gail Collins in 1983. ==Early life== Pappalardi was born in The Bronx, New York City. A classically trained musician, he graduated from New York City's The High School of Music & Art and attended the University of Michigan.The Encyclopedia of Dead Rock Stars: Heroin, Handguns, and Ham Sandwiches By Jeremy Simmonds (C)2006 ==Career== In 1964 Pappalardi was a member of Max Morath's Original Rag Quartet (ORQ) in their premier engagement at New York's Village Vanguard with several other musicians. Along with Pappalardi on guitarrón (Mexican acoustic bass) were pianist-singer Morath, who revived classic ragtime played in the Scott Joplin manner, Barry Kornfeld, a NYC studio folk and jazz guitarist, and Jim Tyler, a Baroque and Renaissance lutenist playing four-string banjo and mandolin. The ORQ then toured the college and concert circuit during the following year, and opened four engagements with the Dinah Shore show in Las Vegas and elsewhere. Pappalardi studied classical music at the University of Michigan. Upon completing his studies and returning to New York, he was unable to find work and so became part of the Greenwich Village folk-music scene where he made a name for himself as a skilled arranger; he also appeared on Tom Paxton as well as Vince Martin and Fred Neil albums for Elektra Records. From there he moved into record production, initially concentrating on folk and folk-rock acts for artists such as The Youngbloods and Joan Baez. As a producer, Pappalardi is perhaps best known for his work with Cream, beginning with their second album, Disraeli Gears. Pappalardi has been referred to in various interviews with the members of Cream as "the fourth member of the band" as he generally had a role in arranging their music. He contributed instrumentation for his studio arrangements and he and his wife, Gail Collins, wrote the Cream hit "Strange Brew" with Eric Clapton. He also produced The Youngbloods' first album. As a musician, Pappalardi is widely recognized as a bassist, vocalist, and founding member of the American hard rock band-heavy metal forerunner Mountain, a band born out of his working with future bandmate Leslie West's soul-inspired rock and roll band The Vagrants, and producing West's 1969 Mountain solo album. The band's original incarnation actively recorded and toured between 1969 and 1971. Pappalardi produced the band's albums, and co-wrote and arranged a number of the band's songs with Collins and West. The band's signature song "Mississippi Queen" is still heard regularly on classic rock radio stations. They also had a hit with the song "Nantucket Sleighride" written by Pappalardi and Collins. Pappalardi generally played Gibson basses live and on Mountain's recordings. He is most often shown with an EB-1 but there are photographs of him playing an EB-0 live. He was known for playing a Gibson EB-1 violin bass through a set of Sunn amplifiers that, he claimed, once belonged to Jimi Hendrix. ==Later life and death== Woodlawn Cemetery Pappalardi was forced to retire because of partial deafness, ostensibly from his high-volume shows with Mountain. He continued producing throughout the 1970s, released a solo album (Don't Worry, Ma) and recorded with Kazuo Takeda's band Creation (who had opened for a reunited Mountain during their 1973 tour of Japan). In May 1973, the British music magazine NME reported that Pappalardi would be producing and playing bass on Queen of the Night, the debut album for Maggie Bell, former singer of Stone the Crows, but this proved to be a false rumor. He also worked on the NBC show Hot Hero Sandwich in 1979. Pappalardi was shot and killed by his wife, Gail, on April 17, 1983, in their East Side Manhattan apartment, with a derringer he had given her as a gift a few months previously. She was subsequently charged with second-degree murder and was found guilty of the lesser criminally negligent homicide.TeamRock.com, http://teamrock.com/feature/2014-04-17/felix-pappalardi-meets-a-tragic-end, 17 Apr 2014. Retrieved 24 Nov 2017. He is interred next to his mother at Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx, New York City.Louder ==Selected discography== For his work with Mountain, see their page. *1976: Creation (in collaboration with the Japanese rock band of the same name) *1979: Don't Worry, Ma ===As producer=== *1967: The Youngbloods - The Youngbloods *1967: Cream - Disraeli Gears *1968: Bo Grumpus - Before the War *1968: Kensington Market - Avenue Road *1968: Cream - Wheels of Fire *1969: Cream - Goodbye *1969: Kensington Market - Aardvark *1969: Leslie West - Mountain *1969: Jack Bruce - Songs for a Tailor *1969: Jolliver Arkansaw - Home *1969: David Rea - Maverick Child *1971: Mylon LeFevre, Mylon and Holy Smoke, Columbia C31085As seen on album jacket at https://www.discogs.com/Mylon-Holy-Smoke/release/1732078 *1973: Bedlam *1974: Back Door - 8th St Nites *1975: Busta Cherry Jones & Donald Kinsey "White Lightnin'" *1975: The Flock - Inside Out *1976: Natural Gas - Natural Gas *1977: Gasolin' - Killin' Time *1977: Jesse Colin Young - Love on the Wing *1978: The Dead Boys - We Have Come for Your Children *1978: Hot Tuna - Double Dose *1981: Kicks - Kicks featuring Marge Raymond - Recorded at RPM Studios, NY, NY *1982: George Flowers & Gary Byrd - The Day That Football Died ===Other appearances and contributions=== *1963: Vince Martin and Fred Neil - Tear Down the Walls - guitarrón and backing vocals *1964: Tom Paxton - Ramblin' Boy - guitarrón *1965: Tom Paxton - Ain't That News! - guitarrón *1966: Buffy Sainte-Marie - Little Wheel Spin and Spin - credited as "instrumental ensemble arranger and conductor" on "Timeless Love" *1966: Ian and Sylvia - Play One More - bass *1966: Ian and Sylvia - The French Girl - credited as "arr. and conducted" *1966: Ian and Sylvia - When I Was A Cowboy - bass *1966: Ian and Sylvia - Short Grass - bass *1966: Ian and Sylvia - Lonely Girls - bass *1967: Devil's Anvil - Hard Rock From the Middle East - bass, guitar, tambura, percussion and vocals, credited as "arranger and musical director" *1967: Richie Havens - Morning, Morning - credited as "arranger' *1967: Jackie Washington [Landrón] - Morning Song - credited as "backup ensemble conductor' *1968: Bo Grumpus - Before the War - keyboards, trumpet, bass, guitar, percussion, ocarina *1968: Kensington Market - Avenue Road - vocals on "Aunt Violet's Knee" *1969: Kensington Market - Aardvark - bass, piano, trumpet, organ *1969: Jolliver Arkansaw - Home - keyboards, guitar, ocarina and bass on "Hatred Sun" *1970: Ian and Sylvia - Greatest Hits - bass *1970: Fred Neil - Little Bit of Rain - bass *1971: John Sebastian - The Four of Us - bass on "Apple Hill" *1971: Richard & Mimi Fariña - The Best of Richard & Mimi Fariña - bass *1973: Bedlam - Bedlam - keyboards, credited as songwriter on "Looking Through Love's Eyes (Busy Dreamin')" *1973: Eddie Mottau - No Turning Around - Mellatron, organ, ocarina and trumpet on "Circus Tent" and "Waitin' Out The Winter" *1975: The Flock - Inside Out - backing vocals on "Straight Home" *1977: Jesse Colin Young - Love on the Wing - backing vocals and string arrangements on "Drift Away" and "Fool", horn arrangements on "Louisiana Highway" *1981: Kicks - "Kicks featuring Marge Raymond" - backing vocals on "Raceway" and "All Over Again" along with Steven Tyler ==References== Category:1939 births Category:1983 deaths Category:Musicians from the Bronx Category:Record producers from New York (state) Category:American rock bass guitarists Category:American male bass guitarists Category:American rock musicians Category:American people of Italian descent Category:University of Michigan alumni Category:Deaths by firearm in Manhattan Category:Cream (band) Category:Mountain (band) members Category:20th-century American musicians Category:20th-century English musicians Category:American male guitarists Category:The High School of Music & Art alumni Category:Mariticides Category:20th-century American guitarists Category:Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx) Category:20th-century bass guitarists Category:People murdered in New York City "
"The consort kin – written in Sinosphere as 外戚, of which the readings are wàiqī (Chinese), ngoại thích (Vietnamese), waecheog (외척, Korean), gaiseki (がいせき, Japanese) – is the Sinospheric kin of, or a group related to an empress dowager or a spouse of a ruler or a warlord. The leading figure of the clan was either a (usually male) sibling, cousin, or parent of the empress or consort. Consort kins can be seen as a manifestation of nepotism in Sinospheric imperial politics. While some were competent, only relying on their female relatives for their initial audiences with the emperor and then proving their worth at their positions (e.g. Wei Qing and Huo Qubing), many turned out to be corrupt and incompetent (e.g. Yang Guozhong). Corrupt and incompetent consort kins have been linked to the downward turn of fortunes for many dynasties. == Famous leading figures == === Han Dynasty === *Lü Clan - relatives of the Empress Lü Zhi, consort of Emperor Gaozu of Han *Wei Qing - a younger half-brother (same father but with different mothers) of the Empress Wei Zifu, consort of Emperor Wu of Han, one of the major military leaders of wars against the Xiongnu *Huo Qubing - a nephew of Wei Qing and Wei Zifu, also an important general in the war between Han China and Xiongnu. *Li Guangli - brother of Lady Li (Li Furen), consort of Emperor Wu of Han. He led the invasion against Dayuan. *Huo Guang - a younger paternal half-brother of Huo Qubing, whose granddaughter became the empress of Emperor Zhao of Han, and daughter became an empress of Emperor Xuan of Han. He played an extremely important political role in the eras of Emperor Zhao and Emperor Xuan, sometimes overshadowing the power of the emperors. *Shangguan Jie - Paternal grandfather of Emperor Zhao's wife (Huo Guang was the maternal grandfather). He was involved in a power struggle with Huo Guang, and killed in 80 B.C. after being accused of plotting a rebellion. *Wang Mang - nephew of Empress Dowager Wang, cousin of Emperor Cheng of Han and founder of the Xin Dynasty. *Ma Yuan - father of Empress Ma, consort of Emperor Ming of Han, a major general of Emperor Guangwu of Han who led the expedition to Jiaozhi (today's northern Vietnam). However, Ma Yuan had passed away before Emperor Ming ascended the throne. *Dou Xian - brother of Empress Dowager Dou and brother- in-law of Emperor Zhang of Han. *Liang Ji - brother of Empress Dowager Liang and Empress Liang, deposed two emperors and later killed in a coup d'etat plotted by eunuchs against him. *Dou Wu - father of Empress Dowager Dou Miao and killed in his abortive coup d'etat against eunuchs. *He Jin - brother of Empress Dowager He and killed after his plot against eunuchs was exposed *Dong Cheng - father of Consort Dong of Emperor Xian of Han and known for his abortive coup d'etat with Liu Bei against Cao Cao. === Three Kingdoms === * Mi Fang, a brother of Lady Mi (Mi Furen) of Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie of Shu Han. His betrayal of Shu Han partially led to its loss of Jing Province and the death of general Guan Yu. === Jin Dynasty (265-420) === *Yang Jun - father-in- law of Emperor Wu of Jin China *Yu Liang - brother of Empress Dowager Yu === Northern and Southern Dynasties === *Northern Zhou: Yang Jian, father of the last empress dowager. He later usurped the throne and founded the Sui Dynasty. === Tang Dynasty === * Zhangsun Wuji — elder brother of Tang Taizong's empress. He was one official entrusted by Taizong to assist the young Tang Gaozong in governing the state. * Wu Chengsi and Wu Sansi—nephews of Empress Wu * Yang Guozhong—cousin of Yang Guifei === Song Dynasty === *Jia Sidao - younger brother of Consort Jia, a favorite of Emperor Lizong Category:Chinese nobility Category:Kinship and descent "
"Tower Hill may refer to: ==Places== Australia * Tower Hill (volcano), Victoria, Australia * Tower Hill Wildlife Reserve, Victoria, Australia Belize * Tower Hill, Belize, a village in Orange Walk District Sierra Leone * Tower Hill (Sierra Leone), a neighborhood in Freetown United Kingdom * Tower Hill, an elevated spot outside the Tower of London ** Tower Hill Memorial, a war memorial on Tower Hill in London ** Tower Hill tube station, a London Underground station situated at Tower Hill on the District Line * Tower Hill, West Midlands, an area of Great Barr, Birmingham * Tower Hill (Abergele), in Abergele, North Wales United States * Tower Hill, Illinois, a village * Tower Hill Park, in Minneapolis, Minnesota * Tower Hill Township, Shelby County, Illinois == Other uses == * Tower Hill (Staten Island Railway station) * Tower Hill Botanic Garden, in Boylston, Massachusetts, United States * Tower Hill School, in Wilmington, Delaware, United States * Tower Hill State Game Reserve, in Victoria, Australia "